{"id":1073,"date":"2021-06-25T22:14:40","date_gmt":"2021-06-25T20:14:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bhakademiker.org\/?page_id=1073"},"modified":"2021-06-27T21:45:33","modified_gmt":"2021-06-27T19:45:33","slug":"bosnien-in-jugoslawien","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.bhakademiker.org\/bs\/bosnien-in-jugoslawien\/","title":{"rendered":"Bosna u Jugoslaviji"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vc_row wpb_row row\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h3 class=\"no-margin-top\" >Bosna u Jugoslaviji<\/h3>\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ideja jedne zajedni\u010dke dr\u017eave, koja bi ujedinila sve ju\u017enoslavenske narode rodila se jo\u0161 u 19.vijeku u Hrvatskoj i Dalmaciji. Nakon \u0161to je poslije  \u201eKrfske deklaracije\u201c data saglasnost slovenskih, hrvatskih i srpskih politi\u010dara, osnovana je \u201eprva Jugoslavija\u201c kao \u201eKraljevina Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca\u201c izre\u010dena 1918 od strane kralja Aleksandra Kara\u0111or\u0111evi\u0107a \u2013 no Bosna nije bila spomenuta. Ve\u0107 od samog po\u010detak dr\u017eavu su potresali unutarpoliti\u010dki, etni\u010dki, socijalni i privredni nemiri. Od osnutka multietni\u010dke dr\u017eave politiku su u velikoj mjeri dominirali srbi. Najzad je 1929 godine Kara\u0111or\u0111evi\u0107 Ustav stavio van snage, uvedena je kraljevska diktatura te dr\u017eava preimenovana u \u201eKraljevinu Jugoslaviju\u201c. Dr\u017eava je potom podijeljena u devet takozvanih banovina. No me\u0111utim, podjela je ura\u0111ena bez obzira na historijske ili etni\u010dke okolnosti te je garantovala nadbrojnost srpskog stanovni\u0161tva  u \u0161est od devet banovina. Iako je 1939 sklopljen takozvani  \u201eSporazum\u201c izme\u0111u vlade i hrvatske opozicije,  srpsko-hrvatski konflikti se zapravo nisu mogli prebroditi. 6. aprila  1941 je nacisti\u010dka Njema\u010dka uz podr\u0161ku Italije napala Jugoslaviju, koja je ve\u0107 17.aprila kapitulirala. Kao odgovor na okupaciju nastao je komunisti\u010dki partizanski pokret vo\u0111en Josipom Brozom Titom, \u010dija je \u201eNarodno oslobodila\u010dka vojska\u201c osvojila nadmo\u0107nost te nakon Drugog svjetskog rata preuzela vlast u dr\u017eavi. Me\u0111utim najve\u0107e ratne bitke vo\u0111ene su upravo na tlu Bosne, zato \u0161to su bosanske planine partizanima davale mogu\u0107nost povla\u010denja, da bi se mogli nanovo organizirati. Vi\u0161e od milion gra\u0111ana i gra\u0111anki bili su \u017ertve rata i poslijeratnih zlo\u010dina nacista, ma\u0111arskih i talijanskih fa\u0161ista, \u010detnika, usta\u0161a i titoista.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Die gr\u00f6\u00dften Kriegsschlachten fanden in Bosnien statt, da die bosnischen Berge den Partisanen R\u00fcckzugsm\u00f6glichkeit gaben, um sich wieder neu organisieren zu k\u00f6nnen. Mehr als eine Million B\u00fcrgerinnen und B\u00fcrger fielen dem Krieg und den Nachkriegsverbrechen der Nationalsozialisten, der ungarischen und italienischen Faschisten, der Tschetniks, der Ustaschas und der Titoisten zum Opfer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Od 1945 do 1963 dr\u017eava je postojala kao \u201eFederativna Narodna Republika Jugoslavija\u201c, a nakon 1963 kao \u201eSocijalisti\u010dka Federativna Jugoslavija\u201c. Za vrijeme drugog zasjedanja AVNOJ-a 1943 Jugoslavija je podijeljena u \u0161est republika: Sloveniju, Bosnu i Hercegovinu, Srbiju, Crnu Goru i Makedoniju. Iako je Bosna i Hercegovina kao republika postojala, gra\u0111anima i gra\u0111ankama bilo je zabranjeno da se deklari\u0161u kao takvi. Imali su jedino mogu\u0107nost izbora izme\u0161u \u201eHrvat\u201c, \u201eSrbin\u201c ili \u201eNeopredjeljen\u201c.  Bosanskim muslimanima su neke stvari bile i zabranjene, tako npr.  hodo\u010da\u0161\u0107e \u201eAjvatovica\u201c. Tek 1971 Bosanci su dobili nacionalanost \u2013 \u201eMusliman\u201c. Iako se nisu s tim nazivom slagali, nova nacionalnost je prihva\u0107ena pod motom \u2013 \u201ebolje i\u0161ta nego ni\u0161ta\u201d. Do 1980 Bosna je intenzivno industrijalizirana i sa velikim poduze\u0107ima kao \u0161to su Energoinvest i UNIS ozna\u010den je razvoj Bosne.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bis 1980 wurde Bosnien stark industrialisiert und mit gro\u00dfen Konzernen wie Energoinvest, UNIS und anderen wurde ein starkes Zeichen f\u00fcr die Entwicklung Bosniens gesetzt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1980-tih godina su se prije svega u Srbiji pojavljivale nacionalisti\u010dke ideologije te ideja Velike Srbije, \u010diji  izvori le\u017ee jo\u0161 u pro\u0161losti. Memorandum SANU iz 1986 godine pridonio je osnovni fundament te je  Slobodan Milo\u0161evi\u0107 postao vode\u0107a li\u010dnost velikosrpske ideje. Sjeverni dijelovi, Slovenija i Hrvatska su se sve vi\u0161e okretali ka demokratskim modelima Zapada, te su  napustili vladin kurs nakon \u0161to je srpsko vodstvo zahtjevalo sufinanciranje okupacije Kosova. Naposljetku su se Slovenci, Hrvati, Bo\u0161njaci, Makedonci i Albanci usprotivili hegemoniji Srbije. Tako se Jugoslavija i po drugi put raspala.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Literatura:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Z\u00fclch Tilman: \u201eEthnische S\u00e4uberung\u201c \u2013 V\u00f6lkermord f\u00fcr \u201eGro\u00dfserbien\u201c. Eine Dokumentation der Gesellschaft f\u00fcr bedrohte V\u00f6lker. Z\u00fcrich: Luchterhand 1993.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marie-Janine Calic: \u201eKrieg und Frieden in Bosnien-Hercegovina\u201c. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp 1995.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Bosnien in Jugoslawien Die Idee eines gemeinsamen Staates, der die s\u00fcdslawischen V\u00f6lker zusammenschlie\u00dfen sollte, hatte ihren Ursprung im 19. Jahrhundert in Kroatien und Dalmatien. Nachdem durch die \u201eErkl\u00e4rung von Korfu\u201c die Zustimmung seitens slowenischer, kroatischer und serbischer Politiker gekommen war, rief 1918 der Monarch Aleksandar Kara\u0111or\u0111evi\u0107 das \u201eErste Jugoslawien\u201c aus, das \u201eK\u00f6nigreich der Serben, Kroaten und Slowenen\u201c\u2013 Bosnien wurde nicht erw\u00e4hnt. Von Anfang an war der Staat jedoch von innenpolitischen, ethnischen, sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Konflikten gepr\u00e4gt. Seit der Gr\u00fcndung des Vielv\u00f6lkerstaates wurde die Politik ma\u00dfgeblich von den Serben dominiert. 1929 setzte schlie\u00dflich Kara\u0111or\u0111evi\u0107 die Verfassung au\u00dfer Kraft, f\u00fchrte eine K\u00f6nigsdiktatur...","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1073","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Bosnien in Jugoslawien - Gesellschaft Bosnischer Akademiker<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bhakademiker.org\/bs\/bosnien-in-jugoslawien\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"bs_BA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bosnien in Jugoslawien - 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